Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuthutha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kummandla oMbindi Mpuma kuye kwatshintsha kakhulu.Ngokunyuka kwemfuno yeendlela zokuhamba ezizinzileyo, ukuthandwa kweemoto zombane kummandla ngokuthe ngcembe kunyuka.Phakathi kwabo,izithuthuthu zombane, njengendlela yothutho efanelekileyo kunye neyokusingqongileyo, iye yatsala ingqalelo.
Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-International Energy Agency (IEA), ukukhutshwa kwekhabhon diokside kuMbindi Mpuma malunga neetoni zebhiliyoni ezi-1, kunye necandelo lezothutho elithatha umlinganiselo omkhulu.Izithuthuthu zombane, njengezithuthi zero-emission, kulindeleke ukuba zidlale indima efanelekileyo ekunciphiseni ukungcoliseka komoya kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokusingqongileyo.
Ngokutsho kwe-IEA, uMbindi Mpuma ngomnye wemithombo ephambili yemveliso yeoli yehlabathi, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yeoli kulo mmandla iye yahla.Okwangoku, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi zombane uye wanda unyaka nonyaka.Ngokwezibalo ezivela kumaziko ophando lwezentengiso, ukusuka ngo-2019 ukuya kowama-2023, isantya sokukhula sonyaka kwimarike yezithuthuthu zombane kuMbindi Mpuma idlule i-15%, ibonakalisa amandla ayo okutshintsha iindlela zokuhamba zemveli.
Ngaphezu koko, oorhulumente bamazwe ahlukeneyo akuMbindi Mpuma baqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane.Ngokomzekelo, urhulumente waseSaudi Arabia uceba ukwakha izikhululo zokutshaja ezingaphezu kwe-5,000 elizweni ngo-2030 ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane.Le migaqo-nkqubo kunye nemilinganiselo ibonelela ngamandla kwimarike yesithuthuthu sombane.
Ngelixaizithuthuthu zombanebabe nesakhono esithile semarike kuMbindi Mpuma, kukwakho nemingeni ethile.Nangona amanye amazwe akuMbindi Mpuma sele eqalisile ukwandisa ulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo ezihlawulisayo, kusekho ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zokuhlawulisa.Ngokweenkcukacha ze-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe, ukugqunywa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja kuMbindi Mpuma kumalunga ne-10% kuphela yemfuno yamandla iyonke, esezantsi kakhulu kuneminye imimandla.Oku kunciphisa uluhlu kunye nokulula kwezithuthuthu zombane.
Okwangoku, izithuthuthu zombane kuMbindi Mpuma zihlala zixabisa phezulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lezinto eziphambili ezifana neebhetri.Ukongeza, abanye abathengi kwimimandla ethile banokuthandabuza malunga nokusebenza kobugcisa kunye nokuthembeka kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ezichaphazela nezigqibo zabo zokuthenga.
Nangona imarike yesithuthuthu sombane ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kwezinye iindawo zoMbindi Mpuma, kusekho imiqobo yokuqonda.Uphando olwenziwe yinkampani yophando lwemarike lubonise ukuba kuphela ngama-30% abahlali baseMbindi Mpuma abanomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda izithuthuthu zombane.Ngoko ke, ukuphucula ulwazi kunye nokwamkelwa kwezithuthi zombane kuhlala kungumsebenzi wexesha elide kunye nomngeni.
Iisithuthuthu sombaneimarike kuMbindi Mpuma inesakhono esimangalisayo, kodwa ikwajongene nothotho lwemingeni.Ngenkxaso karhulumente, isikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji eqhubekayo, imakethi yesithuthuthu sombane kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngokukhawuleza kwikamva.Kwixesha elizayo, sinokulindela ukubona ulwakhiwo oluthe kratya lweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja, ukuhla kwamaxabiso ezithuthuthu zombane, kunye nokunyuka kokuqonda kwabathengi kunye nokwamkelwa kuMbindi Mpuma.Ezi nzame ziza kunika ukhetho oluninzi lweendlela zokuhamba ezizinzileyo kummandla kunye nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kunye nophuhliso lwecandelo lezothutho.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-20-2024
