Umlawuli wesithuthuthu soMbane
1. Yintoni umlawuli?
● Umlawuli wesithuthi sombane sisixhobo solawulo esingundoqo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuqala, ukusebenza, ukuqhubela phambili kunye nokuhlehla, isantya, ukumisa isithuthi sombane kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane zesithuthi sombane.Kufana nengqondo yesithuthi sombane kwaye yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesithuthi sombane.Ukubeka nje, iqhuba i-motor kwaye itshintshe i-motor drive yangoku phantsi kolawulo lwe-handlebar ukufezekisa isantya sesithuthi.
● Izithuthi zombane ikakhulu ziquka iibhayisekile zombane, izithuthuthu zombane ezinamavili amabini, izithuthi zombane ezinamavili amathathu, izithuthuthu zombane ezinamavili amathathu, izithuthi zombane ezinamavili amane, izithuthi zebhetri, njl njl. .
● Izilawuli zezithuthi zombane zahlulwe zibe: izilawuli ezixutyiweyo (ezinqabileyo zisetyenziswa) kunye nezilawuli ezingenazibhurashi (ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo).
● Abalawuli be-brushless abaqhelekileyo bahlulahlulwe ngakumbi: abalawuli be-square wave, abalawuli be-sine wave, kunye nezilawuli ze-vector.
Umlawuli we-Sine wave, umlawuli we-square wave, umlawuli we-vector, zonke zibhekisela kumgca wangoku.
● Ngokonxibelelwano, yahlulwe kulawulo olukrelekrele (olunokulungiswa, ludla ngokulungiswa ngeBluetooth) kunye nolawulo oluqhelekileyo (olungalungisekiyo, iseti yefektri, ngaphandle kokuba yibhokisi yesilawuli sebrashi)
● Umahluko phakathi kwe-motor brushed kunye ne-brushless motor: I-motor exutywe yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-DC motor, kwaye i-rotor yayo ifakwe iibrashi zekhabhoni kunye neebhulashi njengento ephakathi.Ezi brashi zekhabhoni zisetyenziselwa ukunika i-rotor yangoku, ngaloo ndlela ivuselela amandla ombane we-rotor kwaye iqhube i-motor ukujikeleza.Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-motor brushless azidingeki ukuba zisebenzise iibrashi zekhabhoni, kwaye zisebenzise iimagnethi ezisisigxina (okanye i-electromagnets) kwi-rotor ukunika amandla kazibuthe.Umlawuli wangaphandle ulawula ukusebenza kwemoto ngokusebenzisa amacandelo e-elektroniki.
Isilawuli samaza esikwere
Sine wave isilawuli
Umlawuli weVector
2. Umahluko phakathi kwabalawuli
| Iprojekthi | Isilawuli samaza esikwere | Sine wave isilawuli | Umlawuli weVector |
| Ixabiso | Ngexabiso eliphantsi | Phakathi | Iyabiza kakhulu |
| Ulawulo | Ilula, irhabaxa | Kulungile, linear | Ichanekile, inomgca |
| Ingxolo | Enye ingxolo | Phantsi | Phantsi |
| Ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, i-torque | Iphantsi, imbi kakhulu, ukuguquguquka kwetorque enkulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto akunakufikelela kwelona xabiso liphezulu | Ukunyuka okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka kwetorque encinci, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto akunakufikelela kwelona xabiso liphezulu | Ukuphakama okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka kwetorque encinci, impendulo enesantya esiphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemoto akukwazi ukufikelela kwixabiso eliphezulu |
| Isicelo | Isetyenziswe kwiimeko apho ukusebenza kwemoto yokujikeleza kungekho phezulu | Uthotho oluninzi | Uthotho oluninzi |
Kulawulo oluchanekileyo oluphezulu kunye nesantya sokuphendula, ungakhetha isilawuli se-vector.Ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula, unokukhetha isilawuli se-sine wave.
Kodwa akukho mmiselo ongcono kuwo, isilawuli samaza esikwere, isilawuli se-sine wave okanye isilawuli se-vector.Ngokukodwa kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zangempela zomthengi okanye umthengi.
● Iinkcukacha zomlawuli:imodeli, i-voltage, i-undervoltage, i-throttle, i-engile, umda wangoku, inqanaba le-brake, njl.
● Umzekelo:ithiywe ngumenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ithiywe emva kwenkcazelo yomlawuli.
● Umbane:Ixabiso lombane lomlawuli, kwi-V, ngokuqhelekileyo i-voltage enye, oko kukuthi, ifana ne-voltage yemoto yonke, kunye nombane ombini, oko kukuthi, 48v-60v, 60v-72v.
● Ukungabikho kwamandla:Kwakhona kubhekiselele kwixabiso eliphantsi lokukhusela umbane, oko kukuthi, emva kokungabikho kwamandla, umlawuli uya kungena ekukhuseleni umbane.Ukuze ukhusele ibhetri ekuphumeni okungaphezulu, imoto iya kunikwa amandla.
● Umbane weTrottle:Umsebenzi oyintloko womgca we-throttle kukunxibelelana nesibambo.Ngokusebenzisa igalelo lomqondiso we-throttle line, umlawuli wesithuthi sombane unokwazi ulwazi lwesithuthi sombane sokukhawulezisa okanye ukunyathela, ukuze ulawule isantya kunye nokuhamba kwesithuthi sombane;ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-1.1V-5V.
● I-engile yokusebenza:ngokubanzi i-60 ° kunye ne-120 °, i-engile yokujikeleza iyahambelana nemoto.
● Unyino lwangoku:ibhekisa kobona buninzi bangoku obuvunyelwe ukuba budlule.Inkulu yangoku, isantya esikhawulezayo.Emva kokugqithisa ixabiso elimiselweyo langoku, imoto iya kucinywa.
● Umsebenzi:Umsebenzi ohambelanayo uya kubhalwa.
3. Umgaqo-nkqubo
Iprothokholi yonxibelelwano yomlawuli yiprothokholi esetyenziselwaqaphela utshintshiselwano lwedatha phakathi kwabalawuli okanye phakathi kwabalawuli kunye nePC.Injongo yayo kukuqondaukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nokusebenzisanakwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo.Iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano zomlawuli eziqhelekileyo zibandakanyaModbus, CAN, Profibus, Ethernet, DeviceNet, HART, AS-i, njl.Iprothokholi yonxibelelwano yomlawuli ngamnye inendlela yayo yonxibelelwano ethile kunye nojongano lonxibelelwano.
Iindlela zonxibelelwano zeprotocol yonxibelelwano lomlawuli zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini:unxibelelwano lwamanqaku kunye nonxibelelwano lwebhasi.
● Unxibelelwano lwendawo ukuya kwindawo lubhekisa kunxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathiiindawo ezimbini.Indawo nganye inedilesi eyodwa, njengeRS232 (endala), RS422 (endala), RS485 (eqhelekileyo) unxibelelwano lomgca omnye, njl.
● Unxibelelwano ngebhasi lubhekisa kuiindawo ezininziukunxibelelanaibhasi enye.I-node nganye inokushicilela okanye ifumane idatha kwibhasi, njenge-CAN, i-Ethernet, i-Profibus, i-DeviceNet, njl.
Okwangoku, eyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ilula yileIprotocol yomgca omnye, ilandelwa yi485 umthetho olandelwayo, kwaye iNgaba iprotocolayifane isetyenziswe (ubunzima bokuthelekisa kunye nezinye izincedisi kufuneka zitshintshwe (ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimoto)).Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kunye nolula kukubuyisela ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwebhetri kwisixhobo sokubonisa, kwaye unokujonga ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwebhetri kunye nesithuthi ngokuseka i-APP;ekubeni ibhetri ye-lead-acid ayinayo ibhodi yokukhusela, iibhetri ze-lithium kuphela (kunye neprotocol efanayo) zingasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukufanisa iprotocol yonxibelelwano, umthengi kufuneka anikezeukucaciswa kweprothokholi, ukucaciswa kwebhetri, into ekhoyo yebhetri, njl.ukuba ufuna ukuhambelana nezinyeizixhobo zolawulo oluphakathi, kufuneka unikezele ngeenkcukacha kunye namaqumrhu.
Isixhobo-isiLawuli-Ibhetri
● Qonda ulawulo lonxibelelwano
Unxibelelwano kumlawuli unokuqonda ulawulo lonxibelelwano phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, xa isixhobo kumgca wemveliso singaqhelekanga, ulwazi lunokudluliselwa kumlawuli ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yonxibelelwano, kwaye umlawuli uya kukhupha imiyalelo kwezinye izixhobo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yonxibelelwano ukubavumela ukuba balungise ngokuzenzekelayo isimo sabo sokusebenza, ukuze yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa inokuhlala isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
● Qonda ukwabelana ngedatha
Unxibelelwano kumlawuli unokuqonda ukwabelana ngedatha phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, idatha eyahlukeneyo eyenziwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, njengokushisa, umswakama, uxinzelelo, okwangoku, i-voltage, njl., Inokuqokelelwa kwaye idluliselwe ngenkqubo yonxibelelwano kumlawuli wokuhlalutya idatha kunye nokubeka iliso ngexesha langempela.
● Ukuphucula ubukrelekrele bezixhobo
Unxibelelwano kumlawuli unokuphucula ubukrelekrele bezixhobo.
Ngokomzekelo, kwinkqubo yezothutho, inkqubo yonxibelelwano inokuqonda ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwezithuthi ezingenabantu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kokuhanjiswa kwezinto.
● Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wemveliso
Unxibelelwano kumlawuli unokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho.
Ngokomzekelo, inkqubo yonxibelelwano inokuqokelela kwaye idlulise idatha kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa, iqonde ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela kunye nengxelo, kwaye yenze uhlengahlengiso ngexesha kunye nokulungiswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho.
4. Umzekelo
● Idla ngokubonakaliswa ngee-volts, iityhubhu, kunye nokunciphisa okukhoyo.Umzekelo: 72v12 iityhubhu 30A.Ikwabonakaliswa ngamandla alinganisiweyo kwiW.
● I-72V, oko kukuthi, i-voltage ye-72v, ehambelana nombane wesithuthi sonke.
● Iityhubhu ezili-12, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho imibhobho ye-MOS ezili-12 (amacandelo ombane) ngaphakathi.Iityhubhu ezininzi, amandla amakhulu.
● 30A, oku kuthetha ukukhawulelana kwangoku 30A.
● Amandla ombane: 350W/500W/800W/1000W/1500W, njl.
● Ezona ziqhelekileyo ziityhubhu ezi-6, iityhubhu ezili-9, iityhubhu ezili-12, iityhubhu ezili-15, iityhubhu ezili-18, njl.Amandla amakhulu, amandla amakhulu, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla
● Iityhubhu ezi-6, ngokubanzi zikhawulelwe kwi-16A~19A, amandla 250W~400W
● Iibhubhu ezinkulu ze-6, ngokubanzi zikhawulelwe kwi-22A ~ 23A, amandla 450W
● Iityhubhu ezisi-9, ngokubanzi zikhawulelwe kwi-23A~28A, amandla 450W~500W
● Iityhubhu ezili-12, ngokubanzi zilinganiselwe kwi-30A~35A, amandla 500W~650W~800W~1000W
● Iityhubhu ezili-15, iityhubhu ezili-18 zikhawulelwe nje ukuya kwi-35A-40A-45A, amandla 800W~1000W~1500W
MOS ityhubhu
Kukho iiplagi ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ngasemva komlawuli, enye i-8P, enye i-6P, kunye ne-16P enye.Iiplagi zihambelana nomnye, kwaye i-1P nganye inomsebenzi wayo (ngaphandle kokuba ingenayo).Izibonda eziseleyo ezichanekileyo nezingalunganga kunye neengcingo zesigaba sesithathu semoto (imibala ihambelana nomnye)
5. Imiba echaphazela ukusebenza koMlawuli
Kukho iintlobo ezine zezinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza komlawuli:
5.1 Ityhubhu yamandla yomlawuli yonakele.Ngokubanzi, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka:
● Okubangelwa kukonakala kwemoto okanye ukugcwala kwemoto.
● Okubangelwa ngumgangatho ophantsi wetyhubhu yamandla ngokwawo okanye ibakala lokukhetha elinganelanga.
● Ibangelwe kufakelo oluxengayo okanye ukungcangcazela.
● Okubangelwa ngumonakalo kwisekethe ye-tube drive yamandla okanye uyilo olungenangqiqo lwepharamitha.
Uyilo lwesekethe yokuqhuba kufuneka luphuculwe kwaye izixhobo zombane ezihambelanayo kufuneka zikhethwe.
5.2 Isekethe yombane yangaphakathi yomlawuli yonakalisiwe.Ngokubanzi, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka:
● Isekethe yangaphakathi yomlawuli imfutshane.
● Amacandelo olawulo lweperipheral ane-short-circuited.
● Ukhokelo lwangaphandle lufutshane.
Kule meko, ukucwangciswa kwesiphaluka sombane kufuneka kuphuculwe, kwaye isiphaluka sombane esahlukileyo kufuneka silungiselelwe ukwahlula indawo ephezulu yokusebenza ngoku.Ucingo ngalunye lwelothe kufuneka lukhuselwe ngokufutshane kwaye imiyalelo yocingo kufuneka incanyathiselwe.
5.3 Umlawuli usebenza ngokukhawuleza.Kukho oku nokwenzeka kulandelayo ngokubanzi:
● Iiparamitha zesixhobo zikhukuliseka kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu okanye obuphantsi.
● Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla oyilo ngokubanzi komlawuli kukhulu, okubangela ukuba ubushushu bendawo kwezinye izixhobo bube phezulu kakhulu kwaye isixhobo ngokwaso singena kwindawo yokukhusela.
● Uqhagamshelwano olubi.
Xa le nto isenzeka, amacandelo anokumelana nokushisa okufanelekileyo kufuneka akhethwe ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi komlawuli kunye nokulawula ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.
5.4 Umgca wokudibanisa umlawuli ukhulile kwaye ugugile, kwaye umdibaniso unxibelelana kakubi okanye uyawa, okwenza ukuba umqondiso wokulawula ulahleke.Ngokubanzi, kukho oku kulandelayo okunokwenzeka:
● Ukukhetha ucingo akukho ngqiqweni.
● Ukukhuselwa kocingo akugqibelelanga.
● Ukukhethwa kweziqhagamshelo akulungile, kwaye i-crimping ye-wire harness kunye nekhonkco ayiqini.Ukudibanisa phakathi kwentambo yocingo kunye nekhonkco, kwaye phakathi kweziqhagamshelo kufuneka zithembeke, kwaye kufuneka zixhathise ukushisa okuphezulu, ukungangeni kwamanzi, ukothuka, i-oxidation, kunye nokunxiba.
